Las organizaciones y sus líderes frente a un nuevo escenario*

Abstract

In the world a virus, as unexpected as it was unthinkable, forced the World Health Organization (WHO) to declare a pandemic. In this framework, work and employment in organizations were altered, awakening interest in investigating how this change is managed and carried out in organizations. In this context of difficulties and potentialities, the following objectives were proposed: to survey and describe the changes in the ways of working of the companies studied, to know and narrate the role played by their leaders and / or managers and to reflect the preliminary impacts on culture organizational. An exploratory qualitative investigation was used to clarify the new reality. Due to social isolation, imposed from the governmental sphere, personal observations could not be made in the workplace. The contacts were made via email and / or telephone communications, agreeing days and times for the interviews, which were carried out virtually posteriori. The pandemic, among so many problems, opportunities and challenges, infiltrated verticality into the social sphere. In times of coronavirus, teleworking has emerged with a new strategy, making teleworking a key capacity for both the individual and for organizational competitiveness. Uncontrollable external factors impacted on the strategies, structures and culture of the organizations. The companies studied, to a greater or lesser extent, had to give innovative responses to the new reality that challenged even organizational survival. Making the structures more flexible, making it more dynamic and organic, adapting to market demands, were decisions to be implemented without time to analyze alternatives. The performance of the leaders was oriented to give quick answers, and those who assumed a proactive attitude managed to adapt more quickly, it is also true that those who postponed the changes today are on this path. It is presumed that those who do not adapt to the changes will be marginalized from the market, for this reason it is thought that leaders and / or managers face a great challenge. In this sense, it is expected that this new scenario is the beginning of a profound cultural change.